Day of Atonement

Day of Atonement

The Day of Atonement, known in Hebrew as Yom Kippur, is the holiest day on the Jewish calendar. Instituted in Leviticus 16 and commanded again in Leviticus 23:26–32, it occurs on the tenth day of the seventh month, Tishri — ten days after the Feast of Trumpets. On this solemn day, Israel was to fast, humble themselves and cease from all ordinary work. Its purpose was clear: to cleanse the people from sin and renew their covenant standing before the Lord.

The high priest played the central role. Once a year, and only on this day, he entered the Most Holy Place behind the veil, to make atonement for himself, the priesthood, and the nation. He first sacrificed a bull for his own sins, then cast lots over two goats. One was slain, its blood sprinkled on the mercy seat to cleanse the tabernacle. The other, the “scapegoat,” was sent into the wilderness, symbolically carrying away the sins of the people (Lev. 16:21–22).

This day was not marked by feasting but by deep affliction of soul. The people reflected on their sins, their need for forgiveness and their utter dependence upon God’s mercy. The Day of Atonement was not just ritual; it was a picture of substitution, cleansing and reconciliation. Every detail pointed to the holiness of God and the seriousness of sin.

For Israel, the Day of Atonement was a national reset — the cleansing of the sanctuary and the people alike. For us, it is a reminder of the costliness of forgiveness and the need for a perfect, unblemished Mediator who can enter the true Most Holy Place once for all.

Every Christian should understand the incredible significance of this holy day.